评测多媒体音箱可以通过两个途径:一个是看,另一个是听。看,可以了解音箱的大致结构、制作工艺以及功率大小。听,可以知道音箱的大概频率响应范围、音色的好坏。
看音箱,应该首先从音箱的板材开始,好的音箱一般使用中密度板作为箱体材料,而使用塑料作为箱体的音箱声音一般不会太好。箱体的重量也是衡量音质的重要标志,买音箱有句俗话:“论斤买”,音箱箱体越重,代表使用的板材越厚,控制谐振的能力也就越强,声音会更厚实。由于多媒体音箱包含了功放,功放的变压器功率越大,也就越重,所以从另一个方面来说,音箱越重,表示承载功率也越大。
音箱的外形从理论上来说,球形是最理想的,当然也是最不切合实际的,一般的音箱大多数都是四四方方的,我们没有理由去选择那些奇形怪状的音箱,因为音箱的形状越复杂,声学设计也就越复杂,在多媒体音箱上不肯浪费成本的厂商当然不会用更多的资金去设计,这样造成的后果就是音质低劣。
音箱单元的也是值得我们注意的方面,特别是低音单元。一些音箱标称的频率响应非常宽,低频甚至下浅到30Hz,但是音箱上的低音单元直径只有区区的5英寸,5英寸怎么能够还原30Hz的声音呢?所以我们要注意单元是否和参数匹配。
看完音箱以后,就应该找一个安静的地方,闭上眼静下心来听了。不过先别急,音箱不能随便一放就可以听的,我们还需要为音箱摆位,通常的摆位法是正三角形法,左右两个音箱和人之间的距离呈等边三角形最为理想。
摆位好以后,便可以坐下仔细聆听音箱了…… 由于音箱没有声卡那么容易做客观的数据评测,我们不可能做到测试出音箱详细的参数,取而代之的是试听一些具有代表性的试音碟。在一定的环境和设备条件下,把我们用耳朵听到的感觉,用一些常用的音质评价术语对被评测的音箱的间质进行衡量和描述。
形容音质缺点的常包含这些形容词:声音比较硬、有尖刺感__谐波失真较大,中高频成分过多;声音毛糙、发沙__中频失真较大,中高频成分过多;声音发劈__失真>10%,已经有削波产生;声音发闷、发暗__中高频过少,解析力不够;声音发飘_缺乏中频;声音发浑__瞬态响应不佳;金属声__中高频有峰点,失真较大。
形容音质优点常包含这些形容词:声音丰满__频率响应宽;声音圆润__频率响应应好,瞬态响应好,失真小;声音有气魄、有力度__功率大,中低频好;声音立体感强__频率响应范围宽,声道分离度好;声音透明度好__中高频响应好;声音柔和__中低频适量。
在经过一段时间的欣赏后,你觉得音箱并不吵闹的话,那就可以认为所测试的音箱能够比较忠实地还原声音,事实上,忠实地还原声音是音响器材品质的最重要的指标。
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